Reinfibulation
Refers to the practice of resuturing and thereby recreating an infibulation following a procedure in which the infibulation has been partially or fully opened, most commonly to facilitate childbirth. Some health-care providers argue that since the woman has already undergone FGM/C, reinfibulation will not constitute increased harm. Others consider reinfibulation a medical necessity. Health care providers, especially in countries receiving migrants, refugees and asylum seekers, often feel ill-equipped to provide patients with culturally adequate arguments against their request for reinfibulation. See Medicalization. See Infibulation.
Results Based Management – RBM
Refers to management strategy by which an organization ensures that its processes, products and services contribute to the achievement of desired results (outputs, outcomes & impacts). RBM rests on stakeholder participation and on clearly defined accountability for results. It also requires monitoring of progress towards results and reporting on performance/feedback which is carefully reviewed and used to further improve the design or implementation of the programme.
Replacement-level fertility
The level of fertility at which each woman will, on average, be succeeded by one daughter who survives to have a daughter herself. This will depend on mortality conditions, but in countries where mortality below the age of reproduction is low, it is usually taken to be 2.1 children per woman.
Reproductive age
The span of ages at which individuals are capable of becoming parents. The phrase can be applied to men and women but most frequently refers to women. (Also fecund period or childbearing age)
Reproductive health
The state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, in all matters relating to the reproductive system and to its functions and processes. Reproductive health therefore implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when and how often to do so. Implicit in this last condition is the right of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, as well as other methods of their choice for regulation of fertility.
Reproductive rights
The basic right of all couples and individuals to decide freely and responsibly the number, spacing and timing of their children and to have the information and means to do so, and the right to attain the highest standard of sexual and reproductive health. It also includes their right to make decisions concerning reproduction free of discrimination, coercion and violence, as expressed in human rights documents.
Rio+20
The United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (UNCSD), also known as Rio+20 was the third international conference on the linkages between environmental, economic and social issues, aimed at encouraging more sustainable development policies and pathways. Rio+20 was a 20-year follow-up to the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) held in the same city, and the 10th anniversary of the 2002 World Summit on Sustainable Development (WSSD) in Johannesburg. The outcome document of Rio+20 "The Future We Want" called for the establishment of the Open Working Group on Sustainable Development Goals, and informed the report of the United Nations Task Team on the post-2015 development agenda, entitled "Realizing the Future We Want for All". Both reports emphasize the importance of population issues, including population dynamics, for sustainable development. See Post-2015 Development Agenda, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), and sustainable development.
RTI
Reproductive tract infection (RTI) is the general term for infections affecting the reproductive organs. RTIs include three types of infection: sexually transmitted infections (STIs), infections which are caused by overgrowth of organisms naturally present in the genital tract, and infections that are a consequence of medical treatment.
RHCS
Reproductive health commodity security (RHCS) is the secure supply and choice of quality contraceptives, condoms and other essential reproductive health commodities to meet every person's needs at the right time and in the right place.
RMNCH
Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health (RMNCH). See "Continuum of Care" .
